PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times late to take a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 years.